EZFIO
EZFIO is the Easy Fortran I/O library generator. It generates automatically an I/O library from a simple configuration file. The produced library contains Fortran subroutines to read/write the data from/to disk, and to check if the data exists. A Python and an Ocaml API are also provided.
With EZFIO, the data is organized in a file system inside a main directory. This main directory contains subdirectories, which contain files. Each file corresponds to a data. For atomic data the file is a plain text file, and for array data the file is a gzipped text file.
People involved
- Anthony Scemama
Download
The following packages are needed:
- IRPF90
- Python
The source code can be downloaded here.
Tutorial
In this example, we will write a Fortran program which computes properties of a molecule. The molecule is described as point charges in the 3D space.
Preparation of the library
Create an empty directory for your project and unpack the EZFIO.tar.gz file in this directory. This directory now contains:
$ ls
EZFIO/
Get into the EZFIO directory and run:
$ ./configure
Now, configure the library to produce the desired suboutines. Get into the config directory and create a new file test.config containing:
molecule
num_atoms integer
mass real (molecule_num_atoms)
coord real (3,molecule_num_atoms)
properties
mass real = sum(molecule_mass)
center_of_mass real (3)
In this example, molecule and properties are containers of data. Those are defined in the config file by their name at the beginning of a new line. Each data contained inside a container is characterized by a triplet (name,type,dimension), preceded by at least one white space at the beginning of the line.
If the dimension of an array is a data, the name of the data can be used as <container>_<data> in the definition of the dimension. For example, the dimension (molecule_num_atoms) uses the data num_atoms of container molecule.
Data can also be the result of a simple operation. In that case, the simple operation is written after an = symbol (as for mass in the properties container). In that case, the data is read-only.
Once your configuration file is ready, run make and your library will be built.
Building the library
Now, go back to the EZFIO root directory, and run:
$ make
The lib directory now contains the shared library (libezfio.so), the static library (libezfio.a), and a static library for use under the IRPF90 environment (libezfio_irp.a). The Python directory contains the Python module for the use of the library in Python.
Using the produced library
In the following, we will call ‘EZFIO file’ the main directory containing the EZFIO data.
All the produced libraries contain the following subroutines:
subroutine ezfio_set_read_only(ro)
If ro is .True., the read-only attribute is set. It will be impossible to write to the EZFIO file.
subroutine ezfio_is_read_only(ro)
Returns the value of the read_only attribute to ro.
subroutine ezfio_set_file(filename) Only one EZFIO can be manipulated at a time. This subroutine selects which file will be manipulated.
subroutine ezfio_get_filename(fname) Returns the name of the EZFIO file which is currently manipulated.
For each data, 3 subroutines are created. <dir> is the name of the container which contains the data and <data> is the name of the data.
subroutine ezfio_has__ (has_it) has_it is .True. if the data exists in the EZFIO file, .False. otherwise.
subroutine ezfio_set__ (source) writes the source data to the EZFIO file.
subroutine ezfio_get__ (destination) reads the data from the EZFIO file to the destination.
With our example, the library contains the following subroutines:
subroutine ezfio_set_read_only(ro)
subroutine ezfio_is_read_only(ro)
subroutine ezfio_set_file(filename)
subroutine ezfio_get_filename(filename)
subroutine ezfio_set_molecule_num_atoms(num_atoms)
subroutine ezfio_get_molecule_num_atoms(num_atoms)
subroutine ezfio_has_molecule_num_atoms(has_it)
subroutine ezfio_set_molecule_mass(mass)
subroutine ezfio_get_molecule_mass(mass)
subroutine ezfio_has_molecule_mass(has_it)
subroutine ezfio_set_molecule_coord(coord)
subroutine ezfio_get_molecule_coord(coord)
subroutine ezfio_has_molecule_coord(has_it)
subroutine ezfio_get_properties_mass(mass)
subroutine ezfio_set_properties_center_of_mass(center_of_mass)
subroutine ezfio_get_properties_center_of_mass(center_of_mass)
subroutine ezfio_has_properties_center_of_mass(has_it)
subroutine ezfio_set_properties_center_of_charge(center_of_charge)
subroutine ezfio_get_properties_center_of_charge(center_of_charge)
subroutine ezfio_has_properties_center_of_charge(has_it)
Note that ezfio_get_properties_mass has only the get subroutine since it is computed data.
In Python
All the subroutines are also produced for Python in the ezfio.py file in the Python directory. To use them, in your Python script, use:
import sys
EZFIO = "./EZFIO" # Put here the absolute path to the EZFIO directory
sys.path = [ EZFIO+"/Python" ]+sys.path
from ezfio import ezfio
and all the subroutines will be accessible by replacing the first underscore character of the name of the subroutine by a dot (ezfio_ becomes ezfio.).
Let us create the input of our Fortran program with a Python script. Create a file named create_input.py with:
#!/usr/bin/python
import sys
EZFIO = "./EZFIO" # Put here the absolute path to the EZFIO directory
sys.path = [ EZFIO+"/Python" ]+sys.path
from ezfio import ezfio
# Water molecule:
# mass, x, y, z
input = """16. 0.000000 0.222396 0.000000
1. 1.436494 -0.889660 0.000000
1. -1.436494 -0.889660 0.000000 """
Molecule = []
for line in input.splitlines():
new_list = map(eval,line.split())
Molecule.append(new_list)
# Create the mass array
mass = map( lambda x: x[0], Molecule )
# print mass
# [16.0, 1.0, 1.0]
# Create the coord array
coord = map( lambda x: (x[1], x[2], x[3]), Molecule )
# print coord
# [(0.0, 0.222396, 0.0), (1.436494, -0.88966, 0.0), (-1.436494, -0.88966, 0.0)]
# Select the EZFIO file
ezfio.set_file("Water")
# Add the arrays to the file
ezfio.molecule_num_atoms = len(Molecule)
ezfio.molecule_mass = mass
ezfio.molecule_coord = coord
# Check that the total charge and mass is correct:
print ezfio.properties_mass # Should give 18.
Execute the script:
$ python create_input.py
18.0
The printed mass is correct, and a new directory (Water) was created with our data:
$ ls Water/*
Water/ezfio:
creation
Water/molecule:
charge.gz coord.gz mass.gz num_atoms
In Fortran
We will create here a Fortran program which reads the atomic coordinates and the atomic masses from an EZFIO file, computes the coordinates of the center of mass, and writes the coordinates of the center of mass to the EZFIO file.
program test
implicit none
integer :: num_atoms
real, allocatable :: mass(:)
real, allocatable :: coord(:,:)
real :: center_of_mass(3)
real :: total_mass
integer :: i,j
! Set which file is read/written
call ezfio_set_file("Water")
! Read the number of atoms
call ezfio_get_molecule_num_atoms(num_atoms)
! Allocate the mass and coord arrays
allocate(mass(num_atoms), coord(3,num_atoms))
! Read the arrays from the file
call ezfio_get_molecule_mass(mass)
call ezfio_get_molecule_coord(coord)
! Check that the read data is correct
print *, 'Data in the EZFIO file:'
do i=1,num_atoms
print *, mass(i), (coord(j,i),j=1,3)
end do
! prints:
! Data in the EZFIO file:
! 16.00000 0.000000 0.2223960 0.000000
! 1.000000 1.436494 -0.8896600 0.000000
! 1.000000 -1.436494 -0.8896600 0.000000
! Perform the calculation of the center of mass
do j=1,3
center_of_mass(j) = 0.
end do
do i=1,num_atoms
do j=1,3
center_of_mass(j) = center_of_mass(j) + mass(i)*coord(j,i)
end do
end do
call ezfio_get_properties_mass(total_mass)
do j=1,3
center_of_mass(j) = center_of_mass(j)/total_mass
end do
deallocate(mass, coord)
! Write the center of mass to the EZFIO file
call ezfio_set_properties_center_of_mass(center_of_mass)
end
A new directory (properties) was created with the center_of_mass file:
$ ls Water/*
Water/ezfio:
creation
Water/molecule:
charge.gz coord.gz mass.gz num_atoms
Water/properties:
center_of_mass.gz
Compile and run the program using:
$ $FC -o test test.F90 EZFIO/lib/libezfio.a
$ ./test
where $FC is your fortran compiler, and test.F90 is the file containing the test example. If you don’t have the EZFIO static library, you can use the shared library as:
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$PWD/EZFIO/lib
$ $FC -o test -L./EZFIO/lib -lezfio